1-916493 various MINIATURE WARGAMES # 493 Articles include:

A Rose by Another Name: Wars of the Roses rule ideas
In Send Three & Fourpence: The Silver Bayonet Napoleonic skirmish roleplaying
Three Of A Kind: Command Decision ideas about odds
Painting Panzers: Painting up Wargames Atlantic's plastic Panzer Lehr or any other WWII German figures
Cape Wars: Concluding part about the Wars with the Xhosa or Africa's 100 Years War with three scenarios.
Dice camera action: How to video your wargames and produce epic cinematic blockbusters
Snakes & Ladders: Siege simulator using an old kids board-game
A Tale Of Two Shows: Photo report on the Cavalier show.
Club Spot: The Skirmish Wargames collective
Scratch Build: Build a pig pen
Last Word: Benjamin Lycett of Cerberus Studios1 vol, 96 pgs 2024 UK, WARNER PUBLICATIONS
NEW-pb, available late April 2024 ......$10.00 rct

1-243330 Asling, George GANGS OF ROME: Rulebook As a Dominus, you will recruit and command a motley crew of ruthless fighters to achieve your goals. With their savagery tempered by your cunning, you can rise through the ranks of Roman society, crushing all who stand in your way. Rules for controlling and equipping your gang and engaging in cinematic skirmishes among the city's teeming populace. The stack mechanic allows you to create unique and varied activations for your gang fighters, ensuring that no two games are the same.

Core Rules: 20-30 pages provide all the rules needed to play a game, including gang sheets for 2 beginner gangs and three starter scenarios.

Advanced Rules: Optional rules adding the Incola, creating your own fighters, different fighter types, night fighting, didgy scaffolding, Rome's Most Wanted, Vigiles, a scenario builder, equipment and abilities.

Campaign Rules: Everything you need to play an ongoing campaign, including random events, injuries, territories and progression. Can be played with a definitive goal or endless play to fight and bribe your way into the Senate.1 vol, 198 pgs 2024 UK, WAR BANNER
NEW-hardback, available late April 2024 ......$49.00 rct

1-243331 Asling, George GANGS OF ROME: Plastic Figures Accessories Set If you already have the Gangs of Rome rule book, this set contains enough plastic figures to make at least two opposing gangs of five fighters and three 'mobs' (an intrinsic part of the game) and suitable bases. Also includes dice, tokens, objective counters, range ruler, and a MDF Villa.

Contents: 5 frames of plastic roman citizens totaling 30 figures (enough to make three mobs and two gangs of five fighters each), 3 MDF mob bases, 10 MDF fighter bases, 7 Roman numeral dice, 7 damage dice, 1 range ruler, 4 objective markers, 20 activation tokens, 10 stress markers and the MDF villa. The tokens and ruler are printed on thick high quality card stock.1 vol, 198 pgs 2024 UK, WAR BANNER
NEW-box, available late April 2024 ......$82.00 rct

1-2267411 Heath, Peter FORGOTTEN BATTLES: The Battle of the Bulge - December 1944 Covers the actions hitherto almost ignored and forgotten with 19 detailed scenarios, covering the actions from 16th December on into the start of January 1945. Includes a section with British troops against the German offensive. 1 vol, 96 pgs 2024 UK, ANSCHLUSS PUBLISHING LTD
NEW-pb, available late April 2024 ......$38.00 rct

1-992152 Davies, Peter 152 U-2 'DRAGON LADY' UNITS: 1955-90 Details the early service of the Lockheed U-2, one of the most important and longest-serving intelligence gathering platforms fielded by the US air force. Nicknamed the 'Dragon Lady' after the codename given to it by the CIA, this glider was designed and operated in great secrecy, providing US authorities with photographic and electronic information from areas of interest across the globe. Looks at the U-2's most critical missions, exploring its role in the Cuban Missile Crisis, nuclear reconnaissance in the Soviet Union, and intelligence missions in China and North Vietnam. Contains 21 color artwork plates and maps; more than 50 black and white and color photographs and illustrations.1 vol, 96 pgs 2023 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-pb, available early May 2024 ......$25.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-995328 Konstam, Angus 328 WARSHIPS IN THE WAR OF THE PACIFIC 1879-83: South America's Ironclad Naval Campaign Explores the ironclad warships that fought the little-known battles of South America's War of the Pacific. It was a unique episode of military history, fought by two newly emergent South American states, using the latest technology - ironclad, steam-powered warships - and involving more naval battles than in the American Civil War, including a blockade, the capture of key warships, and bombardments of ports. Illustrated with detailed profiles of the key ironclads, original artwork of the battles, and a cutaway of Huascar. Briefly covers the strategies of the warring powers as well as exploring all the key points of the naval campaign and the details of the warships involved, as a handful of ironclads fought for naval supremacy in South America. Illustrated throughout with 40 photos and 8 pages of color illustrations.1 vol, 48 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-pb, available early May 2024 ......$20.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-997256 Jones, Simon 256 THE WAR UNDERGROUND 1914-18: Tactics and Equipment Reveals the evolving tactics and techniques used by all sides in the underground war during 1914-18. Covering the Western Front but also the Gallipoli and Italian theaters, this study explores three aspects of World War I below ground: military mining, attack tunnels, and dugouts. The ingenuity, claustrophobia and tactical importance of the underground war are discussed and depicted. The artwork plates include depictions of the specialized uniforms, weapons, and equipment used underground, as well as vignettes that vividly convey the many aspects of subterranean warfare during World War I.1 vol, 64 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-pb, available early May 2024 ......$21.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-999555 Field, Ron 555 THE UNION ARMY 1861-65: Eastern and New England States Describes and illustrates the uniforms and personal equipment of the ACW Union troops fielded by the Eastern and New England states. Second in a three-part study, chronicles the clothing, insignia and gear worn by the soldiers fielded by 12 of the states that fought to preserve the Union. While uniforms conforming to standard Union Army patterns were widely issued to these troops, some wore distinctive items of dress or insignia, and a wide variety of weapons were carried. Looks at how the Eastern and New England states clothed and equipped their regiments during the Civil War. Eight plates of original artwork showing officers and enlisted men of the Union Army are complemented by photographs of soldiers and items of uniform from a variety of sources.1 vol, 48 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-pb, available early May 2024 ......$20.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

2-230320 Hollway, Don AT THE GATES OF ROME: The Fall of the Eternal City AD 410 Recounts the final years of the Western Roman Empire and the downfall of Rome from the perspective of the Roman general Stilicho and King of the Visigoths Alaric. Stilicho dedicated himself to restoring imperial glory, only to find himself struggling for his life against political foes. Alaric desired to be a friend of Rome, was betrayed by it, and became its enemy. Battling each other to a standstill, these two warriors ultimately overcame their differences in order to save the empire from enemies on all sides. When one of them fell, the other took such vengeance as had never been seen in history. Contains 8-page color plate section.

Contents: Dramatis Personae; Chronology; List of Illustrations; Author's Note; Introduction; Prologue: The Fall of Rome; Part One: AD 378-397; Part Two: AD 395-408; Part Three: AD 408-410; Epilogue: The Triumph of Barbarism; Sources; Bibliography; Index; Acknowledgments.1 vol, 368 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-pb, available early May 2024 ......$22.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243220 Sullivan, Tony ROMAN EMPERORS OF BRITAIN Provides the history of Roman Britain from Julius Caesar's first invasion to the end of Roman authority. Covers what posts the emperors held in Britain prior to their achieving the throne. Titus served as a tribune directly after the Boudiccan revolt. Pertinax served in three posts: equestrian tribune of the Sixth Legion, praefectus of an auxiliary unit, and finally as a governor of Britannia. Covers the civil war between Clodius Albinus and Septimius Severus and the later campaigns into Scotland. Also looks at the upheavals of the third century and the breakaway regimes of Postumus and Carauius, 'the pirate king.' Closes with Constantine III, the last emperor to lead troops from Britain to Gaul, leaving the province to fend for itself into the fifth century. Contains 32 mono illustrations.1 vol, 208 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-dj, available mid April 2024 ......$37.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243300 Hanley, Catherine 1217: The Battles That Saved England Explores the year 1217 when invading French forces were defeated and the future of England secured. Charts the nascent sense of national identity that began to swell after 9-year-old King Henry took the throne. Navigates medieval siege warfare, royal politics, and fighting at sea as three key battles are explored: The fortress of Dover was besieged, the city of Lincoln was attacked, and a great invasion force set sail, and unusually for the time, was intercepted at sea. Contains 16-page plate section in color.

Contents: List of Illustrations; Acknowledgments; Family Trees; Dramatis Personae; Prologue; Introduction; 1. The French King of England; 2. Dover, July to October 1216; 3. Death and Revival, October to December 1216; 4. Lincoln, December 1216 to May 1217; 5. Dover, the Weald and France, February to July 1217; 6. Sandwich, August 1217; 7. Aftermath; Chronology; Notes; Bibliography; Index.1 vol, 304 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$35.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243190 Ryder, Jamie JAPANESE FIGHTING HEROES: Warriors, Samurai and Ronins Mix of essays, short stories, and anecdotes follows the lives of samurai, warriors, outliers, and iconoclasts who forged their own paths. Looks at legendary fighters like the demon-killing Minamoto no Yorimitsu, philosophizing samurai Miyamoto Musashi, and the One-Eyed Dragon Date Masamune; as well as creative heroes like the father of Japanese short stories Ryunosuke Akutagawa, the immortal poet Ono no Komachi, and the hilarious Sei Shonagon's insight into human nature. Also explores trailblazers who broke down barriers like the feminist Hiratsuka Raicho, the statesman Fukuzawa Yukichi, and the photographic genius Hiroshi Hamaya. Provides insight into the principles and practices they lived by, as they struggled with universal ideals of honor, duty, courage, and kindness. Contains 30 mono illustrations.1 vol, 224 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-dj, available mid April 2024 ......$37.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243290 Konstam, Angus THE PIRATE MENACE: Uncovering the Golden Age of Piracy Explores the most notorious pirates in history (Blackbeard, 'Calico Jack' Rackam, Charles Vane, Bartholomew Roberts, etc) and how their rise and fall can be traced back to a single pirate haven, Nassau. Looks at how the growth of piracy led to a major surge in attacks in the Caribbean and along North America's Atlantic seaboard, threatening major ports and bringing trade to a standstill until the British government declared war on the pirates. Draws on extensive research and a wide range of first-hand accounts to recount the heyday of historical piracy. Contains 8-page plate section in color.

Contents: Acknowledgments; List of Illustrations in Plate Section; A Note on Time, Nation and Distance; Maps; Prologue; Introduction; 1. Beyond the Line; 2. Henry Jennings; 3. Piracy in the Bahamas; 4. Benjamin Hornigold; 5. Profile of a Pirate; 6. A Commune of Pirates; 7. Edward Thatch; 8. Sam Bellamy; 9. Stede Bonnet; 10. The Carrot and the Stick; 11. Woodes Rogers and Charles Vane; 12. The Pirate-hunter; 13. Pursuing the Die-hards; 14. The Buck Legacy; 15. The Great Pyrate; 16. The Enemies of Mankind; Notes; Bibliography; Index.1 vol, 384 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$32.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

4-75360 Todish, Timothy AMERICA'S FIRST WORLD WAR:French & Indian War Now in its fourth printing, this is a fast moving, illustrated account of the French and Indian War; the war that determined what civilization, what governmental institutions, what social and economic patterns would be paramount in North America.

Written from English speaking sources and the British point of view, it is surprisingly fair in representing the French as poorly supplied and supported by their government, greatly outnumbered, yet masters of woodland fighting. The author explains the roles played by the French, the British, the Indian allies on both sides, and by the Colonials with warranted emphasis on Robert Rogers and his Rangers. A year-by-year, campaign by campaign accounting puts the events in perspective.

The author's research into the role of Roger's Rangers is amply represented and his personal collection of site photos and paintings is a valuable addition. Recommended to anyone who seeks to know and interpret this important phase of our history.

12 illustrations; 32 photographs; 3 paintings; 2 full color plates; 1 map.1 vol, 128 pgs 2023 NY, PURPLE MOUNTAIN PRESS
NEW-pb, 4th edition ......$27.00 inc

2-212890 Lipscombe, Nick WELLINGTON'S EASTERN FRONT: The Campaign on the East Coast of Spain 1810-1814 Often overlooked as not integral to the Duke of Wellington's main army and their campaigns in Portugal and western Spain, British and allied forces on Spain's eastern front were intrinsically linked. Details the battles fought by the French army of General Suchet against the Spanish regulars and guerrillas and subsequently the Anglo-Sicilian force sent by the British government to stabilize the region. Contains 30 color and mono illustrations.1 vol, 256 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-pb, available mid April 2024 ......$30.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243230 Thompson, Paul THE BRITISH CHEER: Psychological Warfare in the Napoleonic Era Suggests that the British Cheer wielded genuine power as a true 'weapon of war.' Surveys the history of acclamations in battle worldwide and British battle-cries from all periods before addressing the question of what the British Cheer actually sounded like. Issues of acoustics, physics, and the psychology of battlefield morale are considered, along with commentaries from significant military scholars throughout history. Examination of the Napoleonic-era Cheer then reveals the practically invincible 'recipe' of volley-cheer-charge that propelled the British Army to victory upon victory.

Comparison is drawn with French and other national patterns of vocalizing, along with analysis of those occasions when the Cheer might be suppressed. Finally, the attitude of the Duke of Wellington toward cheering is reconsidered. Examines from the Mahratta wars in India, through campaigns in Egypt, the Mediterranean, Flanders, the Caribbean and South America, as well as the war of 1812. The Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns feature prominently. Contains 12 mono illustrations.1 vol, 288 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-pb, available mid April 2024 ......$50.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243240 Taylor, Matthew BLACK REDCOATS: The Corps of Colonial Marines - 1814-1816 Examines the thousands of African Americans who fled slavery to serve in British forces during the War of 1812 in what became the largest emancipation of enslaved Americans until the abolition of slavery in the United States. British forces launched hundreds of amphibious raids and thousands of enslaved African Americans took the opportunity to escape. From these refugees, the British built a force -- the Corps of Colonial Marines -- which turned Britain's campaign on America's coasts from harassment into an existential threat to the new nation. Alsoi discusses the post-war history of the Colonial Marines and their continued survival as a unique ethnic group in the Caribbean today. Contains 15 mono illustrations.1 vol, 248 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$38.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243200 Bancroft, James W. ALAMO DEFENDERS: A Fresh Perspective on the Heroes of 1836 Examines a large number of those who fought and died for Texas at the Alamo were British. Reveals stories of the men that died, such as an Englishman named William Blazeby, who led a troop of New Orleans Greys; a Scotsman named John McGregor, who took to his bagpipes and accompanied Davy Crockett on the fiddle to keep up the spirits of the defenders; and an Irishman named Robert Evans, who, as Master of Ordnance, was shot down while trying to set light to the gunpowder in the chapel when the battle was lost. The roles of the opposing commanders, the infamous General Santa Anna and Lieutenant Colonel William 'Buck' Travis, are also examined. Contains 16 black and white illustrations.1 vol, 256 pgs 2024 UK, FRONTLINE BOOKS
NEW-dj, available mid April 2024 ......$43.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-241960 Granger, Edward AN AIDE TO CUSTER: The Civil War Letters of Lt. Edward G. Granger In August 1862, 19-year-old Edward G. Granger joined the 5th Michigan Cavalry Regiment as a second lieutenant. On August 20, 1863, the newly promoted Brig. Gen. George Armstrong Custer appointed Granger as one of his aides, a position Granger would hold until his death in August 1864. Many of the 44 letters the young lieutenant wrote home during those two years provide a unique look into the words and actions of his legendary commander. At the same time, Granger's correspondence offers an intimate picture of life on the picket lines of the Army of the Potomac and a staff officer's experiences in the field. Includes 38 black and white illustrations and 10 maps.1 vol, 320 pgs 2024 US, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA PRESS
NEW-pb, available late April 2024 ......$30.00 rct

1-243320 Zaloga, Steven US BATTLE TANKS: 1917-1945 First of two comprehensive and detailed illustrated books that examines the development and combat performance of US battle tanks from World War I to the end of World War II. Expands on material published in Osprey series including New Vanguard, Campaign, and Duel to explore the concepts and practice of tank development. Describes the experiences of the crews who saw combat, the performance of each tank in battle, and how each American armored fighting vehicle compared with the enemy armor it faced, as well as the key lessons learned from combat that led to new concepts and technological breakthroughs. Features 150 period photographs, 75 color artwork illustrations, and also 2d maps of key battles and campaigns.

Contents: Table of Contents; Introduction; Chapter 1: US Tanks of World War I; Chapter 2: US Tanks in the Interwar Years; Chapter 3: US Tanks in World War II; Chapter 4: US Tanks in the Pacific Theater; Conclusion; Appendix: American Tanks by the Numbers.1 vol, 272 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$35.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-214324 Jordan, John editor WARSHIP 2024 The 2024 edition of Warship, annual publication features original research on the history, development, and service of the world's warships. Features a broad range of articles from a select panel of distinguished international contributors, combines original research, new book reviews, warship notes, and image gallery. Detailed and accurate information is the hallmark of all the articles, which are fully supported by plans, data tables, and photographs. This year's Warship includes features on Imperial Japan's Matsu and Tachibana destroyer classes, the Italian CRDA midget submarines, France's 1960s missile frigates Suffren and Duquesne, and Germany's sailing raider of World War I, Seeadler. Illustrated throughout with black-and-white photographs.

Contents: Missile Frigates Suffren & Duquesne; Battleship Bouvet; Matsu & Tachibana Classes; Nagato & Mutsu; German Flak ships Pt II; CRDA Midget Submarines; Iwami [ex-Orel]; German Raider Seeadler Pt I; Soviet Flotilla Leader Tashkent; RN Fishery Protection Ships; Goeben Action 10 May 1915; Warship Notes; Naval Books of the Year; Warship Image Gallery.1 vol, 224 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$60.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243270 John, Steven THE WELSH AT WAR: The Grinding War: The Somme and Arras Examines the Welsh men and infantry units who fought in World War I. These units included the four regular regiments - the Royal Welsh Fusiliers, South Wales Borderers, Welsh Regiment and Welsh Guards - as well as the Territorial Monmouthshire Regiment, the Yeomanry regiments: the Denbighshire Hussars, Pembroke Yeomanry, Montgomeryshire Yeomanry, Glamorgan Yeomanry, and Welsh Horse Yeomanry, and their amalgamation into service battalions for the regular regiments during 1917. Covers all of the major actions and incidents in which each of the Welsh infantry regiments took part, as well as stories of Welsh airmen, Welshmen shot at dawn, Welsh rugby players who fell, Welsh gallantry winners, and the Welshmen who died in non-Welsh units, such as the Dominion forces and other units of the British armed forces. Contains 100 mono illustrations.1 vol, 312 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-pb, available mid April 2024 ......$39.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243260 Chrystal, Paul WOMEN AT WORK IN WORLD WARS I AND II: Factories, Farms and the Military and Civil Services Examines how women worked in factories, on farms, in field stations just behind the front lines, and in hospitals and convalescent homes during WWI and WWII. Examines how they helped keep the troops supplied with shells, bullets, explosives, and food as well as helping keep hundreds of thousands of wounded troops alive. Contains 32 mono illustrations.1 vol, 248 pgs 2024 UK, PEN & SWORD
NEW-dj, available mid April 2024 ......$50.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243310 Kershaw, Robert THE HILL: The Brutal Fight for Hill 107 in the Battle of Crete Explores each of the individuals whose actions determined the outcome of the battle for Hill 107, the key event that decided the campaign to capture the island of Crete in May 1941. All the events are narrated through the filter of these eyewitnesses. The Allied perspective is from the summit of Hill 107. In contrast, the German view is looking up from below as they cling to the slopes while simultaneous dazzled by the morning glare and decimated by defensive fire. The Hill details what was felt, heard, or seen throughout the battle for both attacker and defender, drawing upon original combat reports, diary entries, letters, and interviews. Contains eight pages of black and white photos and illustrations.

Contents: Introduction; Prologue; List of Illustrations; List of Maps; Chapter 1: The Decision; Chapter 2: Deployment and Plan; Chapter 3: Eve of Battle; Chapter 4: The Flight of Daedalus and Icarus; Chapter 5: Parachute Assault; Chapter 6: A Battalion Dies; Chapter 7: Command Dilemmas; Chapter 8: Victory by Chance; Chapter 9: Daedalus Returned; Chapter 10: The Swing of the Force Pendulum; Postscript; The Key Decision-Makers and Takers; Table of German Military Ranks; Notes; Bibliography; Index.1 vol, 368 pgs 2024 UK, OSPREY PUBLISHING
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$30.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243180 Nelson, K. A. KILLING SHORE: The True Story of Hitler's U-boats Off the New Jersey Coast Explores the battles that happened on the East Coast of the United States during World War II - while Japan attacking Pearl Harbor, Hitler was preparing for an assault on the beaches and coastal cities of the US. Examines at how the Nazis sent U-boats to target the Allied cargo vessels that carried the economic and military resources of North and South America across the Atlantic. Further explores how every American coastal state became a battlefront in 1942, and how the seafloor along the Garden State is strewn with shipwrecks. Contains 11 images.1 vol, 395 pgs 2024 US, BROOKLINE BOOKS
NEW-dj, available mid April 2024 ......$35.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243210 Ridley, Norman HITLER'S BRITISH NAZIS: The Hidden Story of the Fascist Movement in the UK Traces the evolution of extreme right-wing opinion from the turn of the century right through to the end of WWII. In particular, it looks at the way British fascism developed its own character due to Britain having been on the winning side during WWI. Analyzes early fascist movements of the 1920s, including the fascist tendencies of the Suffragette Movement. Then traces the way in which domestic politics and the dire economic situation of the early 1930s created a political vacuum that was filled by Oswald Mosley and his Blackshirt Movement.

Discusses how the British press covered Nazi Germany and how powerful press barons, many of whom were pro-German and supported Chamberlain's appeasement policies, were able to influence public opinion. The role of the Mitford sisters is explored in detail, as is the influence of the Cliveden Set under the leadership of the Astors and the role played by King Edward VIII and Wallis Simpson as they flirted unashamedly with fascism and threatened to take Britain down a very different path. Contains 16 mono illustrations.1 vol, 208 pgs 2024 UK, FRONTLINE BOOKS
NEW-dj, available early May 2024 ......$43.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct

1-243250 Taylor, Daniel THE SIEGFRIED LINE: Then and Now Three distinct sections: First, an in-depth analysis of the German 'Westwall' defense system built between 1936 and 1944, including the build phases, the organization of the workforce, and the political background. Second, the Allied campaign to overcome the defenses of the Siegfried Line through the winter of 1944/45 with a focus on three major operations by the US, British, and Canadian armies. Third, examines the perception of the Westwall in the 80 years since the war and then outlines a battlefield tour guide of those elements that still survive. This book includes maps, photographs, and illustrations, including 140 color photos.1 vol, 224 pgs 2024 UK, AFTER THE BATTLE
NEW-pb, available mid April 2024 ......$53.00 DISCOUNT:15% rct